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Abstract
Turkey is a domestic bird that has important role in economy. Meat and eggs can be used as a daily nutrient. The skeleton of the turkey is very simple and precise compare to domestic mammals. The skeleton of the turkey had high level of calcium and phosphorus. The purpose of this research work is to prepare a turkey skeleton by boiling method and find anatomical differences of its skeleton. In this work a turkey is slaughtered by Islamic way and prepared its skeleton by boiling technique. The results of this research shows that the skeleton of the turkey has some species specific variation. The lumbar vertebrae of the turkey is fused with sacrum and there is no pubic symphysis in the skeleton. Turkey has wide and big keel and coxae compare to other domestic birds.
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References
- ناظر، ع. ک. پرورش پرندهګان مفید. دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشګاه تبریز، ۱۳۷۳: ص ص ۸۳-۱۱۲.
- شریف، م. ن. پرندههای خانهګی. پوهنځۍ زراعت، پوهنتون البیرونی، ۱۳۸۴: ص ۵۲.
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- Tankared K. Anatomy of the Chicken and Domestic Birds. The Iowa State University. USA. 1973: Pp 6-46.
- Mclelland J. A Color Atlas of Avian Anatomy. Wolfe Publishing Ltd. USA. 1990: P 33.
- Dyce KM, Sack WO and Wensing CJG. Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. 1st edition, W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, USA. 1987: Pp 772-779.
- King AS and Mclelland J. Outlines of Avian Anatomy. Bailliere Tindall. London. UK. 1975: Pp 3-33.
- Nickel R, Schummer A and Seiferle E. Anatomy of the Domestic Birds. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, Hamburg. Germany. 1977: Pp 4-25.
- Konig HE, Korbel R and Liebich HG. Avian Anatomy, Textbook and color atlas.5m Publishing Ltd. Sheffield, IQN, UK. 2016: Pp 36-101.
- National Park Service. Vertebrate Skeleton: Preparation and Storage. 2006: Pp 1-8.
- Gritis P and Brunner SA. A new procedure for dermestid beetle preparation of skeletons from formalin-fixed specimens. Herp Review 21(1) 1990: 15-16.
- Jakway GE, Raskin W and Thyle T. Sodium perborate process for preparation of skeletons. Turtox News 48(2) 1970: 65-67.
- Mayden RL and Wiley EO. A method of preparing disarticulated skeletons of small fishes. Copeia (1) 1984: 230-232.
- Ossian CR. Preparation of disarticulated skeletons using enzyme-based laundry presoakers. Copeia (1) 1970: 199-200.
- Lafontaine RH. and Wood PA. The stabilization of ivory against relative humidity fluctuations. Studies in Conservation 27. 1982:109- 117.
- Alfred ML and Peter RS. Avian Anatomy, Integument, Part I .Agriculture Handbook 362. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC. USA. 1972: P 64.
- Schmitt DM. How to prepare skeletons. Ward’s Curriculum Aid. 1966: P 8.
- Franer, A., Stanly, D. and James, kR. Avian Biology. Academic Press, Boston, 1971; Pp 18-22.
- Krulwish, A. and Robert. “Why a Turkey is called a Turkey” Donald Publishing Ltd. 2016; Pp 3-5.
- McLlelland, J. and King, AS. Outline of Avian Anatomy. Bailliere Tindall, the Macmillan Publishing Company Inc. New York. 1975; P 3.
References
ناظر، ع. ک. پرورش پرندهګان مفید. دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشګاه تبریز، ۱۳۷۳: ص ص ۸۳-۱۱۲.
شریف، م. ن. پرندههای خانهګی. پوهنځۍ زراعت، پوهنتون البیرونی، ۱۳۸۴: ص ۵۲.
Dyce KM, Sack WO and Wensing CJG. Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. 3rd edition, W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, USA. 2002: Pp 799-824.
Tankared K. Anatomy of the Chicken and Domestic Birds. The Iowa State University. USA. 1973: Pp 6-46.
Mclelland J. A Color Atlas of Avian Anatomy. Wolfe Publishing Ltd. USA. 1990: P 33.
Dyce KM, Sack WO and Wensing CJG. Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. 1st edition, W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, USA. 1987: Pp 772-779.
King AS and Mclelland J. Outlines of Avian Anatomy. Bailliere Tindall. London. UK. 1975: Pp 3-33.
Nickel R, Schummer A and Seiferle E. Anatomy of the Domestic Birds. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, Hamburg. Germany. 1977: Pp 4-25.
Konig HE, Korbel R and Liebich HG. Avian Anatomy, Textbook and color atlas.5m Publishing Ltd. Sheffield, IQN, UK. 2016: Pp 36-101.
National Park Service. Vertebrate Skeleton: Preparation and Storage. 2006: Pp 1-8.
Gritis P and Brunner SA. A new procedure for dermestid beetle preparation of skeletons from formalin-fixed specimens. Herp Review 21(1) 1990: 15-16.
Jakway GE, Raskin W and Thyle T. Sodium perborate process for preparation of skeletons. Turtox News 48(2) 1970: 65-67.
Mayden RL and Wiley EO. A method of preparing disarticulated skeletons of small fishes. Copeia (1) 1984: 230-232.
Ossian CR. Preparation of disarticulated skeletons using enzyme-based laundry presoakers. Copeia (1) 1970: 199-200.
Lafontaine RH. and Wood PA. The stabilization of ivory against relative humidity fluctuations. Studies in Conservation 27. 1982:109- 117.
Alfred ML and Peter RS. Avian Anatomy, Integument, Part I .Agriculture Handbook 362. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC. USA. 1972: P 64.
Schmitt DM. How to prepare skeletons. Ward’s Curriculum Aid. 1966: P 8.
Franer, A., Stanly, D. and James, kR. Avian Biology. Academic Press, Boston, 1971; Pp 18-22.
Krulwish, A. and Robert. “Why a Turkey is called a Turkey” Donald Publishing Ltd. 2016; Pp 3-5.
McLlelland, J. and King, AS. Outline of Avian Anatomy. Bailliere Tindall, the Macmillan Publishing Company Inc. New York. 1975; P 3.