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Abstract
This study aims to derive improved forms of classical integral inequalities for differentiable functions possessing the property of arithmetic–harmonic convexity. To achieve this objective, a generalized version of Hölder’s integral inequality together with the Hölder–İşcan inequality is used to establish new inequalities for such functions. These results play an important role in determining bounds for errors arising in the approximation of integrals. The obtained inequalities not only reduce the error bounds associated with previously known integral inequalities, but also provide a framework for deeper mathematical analysis of certain convex functions. Furthermore, to demonstrate the applicability of the theoretical results, the derived inequalities are applied to several mathematical means, including the arithmetic mean, harmonic mean, and logarithmic mean. These applications show that the presented results have both theoretical significance and practical usefulness, providing a basis for further analytical and applied research in the study of integral inequalities.
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References
- Ali, R. S., Mukheimer, A., Abdeljawad, T., Mubeen, S., & Ali, S. (2021). Some new harmonically convex function type generalized fractional integral inequalities. Fractal and Fractional, 5(2), 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract5020054
- Awan, M. U., Akhtar, N., Iftikhar, S., Noor, M. A., & Chu, Y. M. (2020). New Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities for n-polynomial harmonically convex functions. Journal of Inequalities and Applications, 2020(1), 125. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13660-020-02393-x
- Baidar, A. W., & Kunt, M. (2023). Some Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities for GA‐s‐convex functions in the fourth sense. Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences, 46(5), 5466–5482. https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.8846
- Baidar, A. W., & Kunt, M. (2024). Some general quantum integral inequalities for convex functions. Filomat, 38(14), 5127–5140. https://doi.org/10.2298/FIL2414127B
- Baidar, A. W., Şanlı, Z., & Kunt, M. (2023). Some integral inequalities via new generalized harmonically convexity. Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences, 46(16), 17226–17241. https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.9496
- Dragomir, S. S., & Agarwal, R. (1998). Two inequalities for differentiable mappings and applications to special means of real numbers and to trapezoidal formula. Applied mathematics letters, 11(5), 91-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-9659(98)00086-X
- Eftekhari, N. (2014). Some remarks on (s, m)-convexity in the second sense. J. Math. inequal, 8(3), 489-495.dx.doi.org/10.7153/jmi-08-36
- Gordji, M. E., Delavar, M. R., & De La Sen, M. (2016). On ϕ-convex functions. J. Math. Inequal, 10(1), 173-183.dx.doi.org/10.7153/jmi-10-15
- Hezenci, F., & Budak, H. (2023). Simpson-type inequalities for conformable fractional operators with respect to twice-differentiable functions. Journal of Mathematical Extension, 17. https://doi.org/10.30495/JME.2023.2589
- İşcan, İ. (2014). Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for harmonically convex functions. Hacettepe Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, 43(6), 935–942.
- İşcan, İ. (2019). New refinements for integral and sum forms of Hölder inequality. Journal of Inequalities and Applications, 2019(1), 304. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13660-019-2258-5
- Kadakal, H. (2022). Generalization of some integral inequalities for arithmetic harmonically convex functions. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 43(3), 497–503. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1110051
- Kadakal, M., Agarwal, P., & İşcan, İ. (2025). Some new inequalities for differentiable arithmetic-harmonically convex functions. Kragujevac Journal of Mathematics, 49(5), 669–675. DOI 10.46793/KgJMat2505.669K
- Kashuri, A., Agarwal, R. P., Mohammed, P. O., Nonlaopon, K., Abualnaja, K. M., & Hamed, Y. S. (2022). New generalized class of convex functions and some related integral inequalities. Symmetry, 14(4), 722. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14040722
- Kırmacı, U. S. (2023). On generalizations of Hölder's and Minkowski's inequalities. Mathematical Sciences and Applications E-Notes, 11(4), 213–225. https://doi.org/10.36753/mathenot.1150375
- Liao, J. G., & Berg, A. (2019). Sharpening Jensen's inequality. The American Statistician, 278-281. https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2017.1419145
- Maden, S., Kadakal, H., Kadakal, M., & İşcan, İ. (2017). Some new integral inequalities for n-times differentiable convex and concave functions. Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Applications, 10(12), 6141–6148. doi:10.22436/jnsa.010.12.01
- Shi, H. N., & Zhang, J. (2013). Some new judgement theorems of Schur geometric and Schur harmonic convexities for a class of symmetric functions. Journal of Inequalities and Applications, 2013(1), 527. https://doi.org/10.1186/1029-242X-2013-527
- Wu, S. (2005). Generalization and sharpness of the power means inequality and their applications. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 312(2), 637–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2005.03.050
- Zhang, T. Y., & Qi, F. (2014). Integral inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard type for m-AH convex functions. Turkish Journal of Analysis and Number Theory, 3(2), 60–64. DOI:10.12691/tjant-2-3-1
References
Ali, R. S., Mukheimer, A., Abdeljawad, T., Mubeen, S., & Ali, S. (2021). Some new harmonically convex function type generalized fractional integral inequalities. Fractal and Fractional, 5(2), 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract5020054
Awan, M. U., Akhtar, N., Iftikhar, S., Noor, M. A., & Chu, Y. M. (2020). New Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities for n-polynomial harmonically convex functions. Journal of Inequalities and Applications, 2020(1), 125. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13660-020-02393-x
Baidar, A. W., & Kunt, M. (2023). Some Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities for GA‐s‐convex functions in the fourth sense. Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences, 46(5), 5466–5482. https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.8846
Baidar, A. W., & Kunt, M. (2024). Some general quantum integral inequalities for convex functions. Filomat, 38(14), 5127–5140. https://doi.org/10.2298/FIL2414127B
Baidar, A. W., Şanlı, Z., & Kunt, M. (2023). Some integral inequalities via new generalized harmonically convexity. Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences, 46(16), 17226–17241. https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.9496
Dragomir, S. S., & Agarwal, R. (1998). Two inequalities for differentiable mappings and applications to special means of real numbers and to trapezoidal formula. Applied mathematics letters, 11(5), 91-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-9659(98)00086-X
Eftekhari, N. (2014). Some remarks on (s, m)-convexity in the second sense. J. Math. inequal, 8(3), 489-495.dx.doi.org/10.7153/jmi-08-36
Gordji, M. E., Delavar, M. R., & De La Sen, M. (2016). On ϕ-convex functions. J. Math. Inequal, 10(1), 173-183.dx.doi.org/10.7153/jmi-10-15
Hezenci, F., & Budak, H. (2023). Simpson-type inequalities for conformable fractional operators with respect to twice-differentiable functions. Journal of Mathematical Extension, 17. https://doi.org/10.30495/JME.2023.2589
İşcan, İ. (2014). Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for harmonically convex functions. Hacettepe Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, 43(6), 935–942.
İşcan, İ. (2019). New refinements for integral and sum forms of Hölder inequality. Journal of Inequalities and Applications, 2019(1), 304. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13660-019-2258-5
Kadakal, H. (2022). Generalization of some integral inequalities for arithmetic harmonically convex functions. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 43(3), 497–503. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1110051
Kadakal, M., Agarwal, P., & İşcan, İ. (2025). Some new inequalities for differentiable arithmetic-harmonically convex functions. Kragujevac Journal of Mathematics, 49(5), 669–675. DOI 10.46793/KgJMat2505.669K
Kashuri, A., Agarwal, R. P., Mohammed, P. O., Nonlaopon, K., Abualnaja, K. M., & Hamed, Y. S. (2022). New generalized class of convex functions and some related integral inequalities. Symmetry, 14(4), 722. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14040722
Kırmacı, U. S. (2023). On generalizations of Hölder's and Minkowski's inequalities. Mathematical Sciences and Applications E-Notes, 11(4), 213–225. https://doi.org/10.36753/mathenot.1150375
Liao, J. G., & Berg, A. (2019). Sharpening Jensen's inequality. The American Statistician, 278-281. https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2017.1419145
Maden, S., Kadakal, H., Kadakal, M., & İşcan, İ. (2017). Some new integral inequalities for n-times differentiable convex and concave functions. Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Applications, 10(12), 6141–6148. doi:10.22436/jnsa.010.12.01
Shi, H. N., & Zhang, J. (2013). Some new judgement theorems of Schur geometric and Schur harmonic convexities for a class of symmetric functions. Journal of Inequalities and Applications, 2013(1), 527. https://doi.org/10.1186/1029-242X-2013-527
Wu, S. (2005). Generalization and sharpness of the power means inequality and their applications. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 312(2), 637–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2005.03.050
Zhang, T. Y., & Qi, F. (2014). Integral inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard type for m-AH convex functions. Turkish Journal of Analysis and Number Theory, 3(2), 60–64. DOI:10.12691/tjant-2-3-1