Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to provide updated information on the chemical composition, biological activity, and functional properties of propolis in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Propolis is a unique natural substance collected by honeybees from plant sources. It serves as a defensive material in the hive and possesses diverse biological activities with significant health benefits. The study adopts a systematic review approach, analyzing both national and international scientific sources. The findings indicate that propolis exhibits antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic properties. It has applications in vaccine production, cancer treatment, and the development of food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products. Owing to its bioactive compounds, propolis has attracted considerable attention across various industries and can play an important role as a valuable natural substance in promoting human health.
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References
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References
Akbari, H., Falahati, M., Mahmoudi, M., Razzaghi-Abyaneh, M., & Sharifynia, F. (2022). Antifungal activity of Iranian propolis against Candida albicans isolates. PubMed. Link
Al Naggar, Y., Giesy, J. P., Abdel-Daim, M. M., Kawy, O. A., & Wong, M. H. (2016). Composition and bioactivity of propolis: A review. Molecules, *21*(4), 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21040429 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21040429
Allend, S. O., Volcão, L., Canielles, C. D. S., Barbosa, I., Biatobock, D., Silva, P. E. A. D., & Ramos, D. F. (2021). Green propolis as an adjuvant against nontuberculous mycobacteria. Rodriguésia, 72, e01562020. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202172109 ResearchGateScite Altun, S., & Hendek-Ertop, Z. (2024). New therapeutic perspectives of propolis in medicine and cosmetics. Phytomedicine, 155297 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed .2023.155297 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202172109
Anderson, P., Palmbaha, S., & Kivalkina, V. P. (1970). Effect of an aqueous alcohol, emulsion and oil extract of bee glue on the growth of chicks. Latv. Lauksaimn. A Kad. Rak., 25, 142–146. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as
Anjum, S. I., Ullah, A., Khan, K. A., Attaullah, M., Khan, H., Ali, H., Bashir, M. A., Tahir, M., Ansari, M. J., Ghramh, H. A., Adgaba, N., & Dash, C. K. (2019). Composition and functional properties of propolis (bee glue): A review. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, *26*(7), 1695–1703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.08.013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.08.013
Arenberger, P., Arenbergerova, M., Hladikova, M., Holcova, S., & Ottillinger, B. (2017). Comparative study with a lip balm containing 0.5% propolis special extract GH 2002 versus 5% aciclovir cream in patients with herpes labialis in the popular/erythematous stage: A single-blind, randomized, two-arm study. Current Therapeutic Research, 88, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-018-066
Bankova, V., Bertelli, D., Borba, R., Conti, B. J., da Silva Cunha, I. B., Danert, C., Eberlin, M. N., Falcão, S. I., Isla, M. I., Moreno, M. I. N., Papotti, G., Popova, M., Santiago, K. B., Salas, A., Sawaya, A. C. H. F., Schwab, N. V., Sforcin, J. M., Simone-Finstrom, M., Spivak, M., ... Zamperini, C. (2019). Standard methods for Apis mellifera propolis research. Apidologie, *50*(1), 1–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-019-00649-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2016.1222661
Berretta, A. A., Silveira, M. A. D., Capcha, J. M. C., & de Lima, V. M. F. (2020). Propolis and its potential against SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanisms and COVID-19 disease. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 131, 110622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j .biopha.2020.110622 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110622
Búfalo, M. C., Candeias, J. M. G., Sforcin, J. M., & Rosalen, P. L. (2009). Propolis: A potential natural product to fight viruses. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 127(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.047 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.047
da Luz, C. F. P., de Oliveira, A. P., de Almeida, E. C., & Estevinho, L. M. (2022). Propolis: A natural product with diverse biological properties. Journal of Apicultural Research, *61*(5), 625–637. https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2022.2035862
da Silveira, C. C., Fernandes, M. P., Silva, M. L., Luz, D. A., Gomes, A. R. Q., Monteiro, M. C., Machado, C. S., Torres, Y. R., Lira, T. O. D., & Ferreira, A. G. (2016). Neurobehavioral and antioxidant effects of ethanolic extract of yellow propolis. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8790962 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2906953
de Castro, S. L. (2001). Propolis: Biological and pharmacological activities. ARBS Annual Review of Biomedical Sciences, 3, 49–83. Link
Di Noi, A., Casini, S., Campani, T., Cai, G., & Caliani, I. (2021). Review on sublethal effects of environmental contaminants in honey bees (Apis mellifera), knowledge gaps and future perspectives. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1863. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041863 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041863
El-Kahtani, S. N., Alaqil, A. A., & Abbas, A. O. (2022). Modulation of antioxidant defense, immune response, and growth performance by inclusion of propolis and bee pollen into broiler diets. Animals, 12(13), 1658. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12131658 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12131658
Fernandes Júnior, A., Balestrin, E. C., Betoni, J. E. C., Orsi, R. D. O., Cunha, M. D. L. R. D., & Montelli, A. C. (2005). Propolis: Anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity and synergism with antimicrobial drugs. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 100(5), 563–566. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762005000500018
A., Balestrin, E. C., Betoni, J. E. C., Orsi, R. D. O., Cunha, M. D. L. R. D., & Montelli, A. C. (2005). Propolis: Anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity and synergism with antimicrobial drugs. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 100(5), 563–566. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762005000500003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762005000500018
Forma, E., & Bryś, M. (2021). Anticancer activity of propolis and its compounds. Nutrients, 13(8), 2594. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082594 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082594
Freires, I. A., Denny, C., Benso, B., de Alencar, S. M., & Rosalen, P. L. (2016). Propolis: Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties for oral health. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, *2016*, 3012502. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3012502
Gonçalves, G. M. S., Srebernich, S. M., Alves, J., & Souza, M. (2011). Stability and sensory assessment of emulsions containing propolis extract and/or tocopheryl acetate. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 47(3), 585–592. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502011000300016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502011000300016
Bartoszewski, R., & Króliczewski, J. (2019). Antimicrobial activity of selected flavonoids and essential oils. Pharmaceuticals, 12(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph12010011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ph12010011
Gorter, R. W., & Stoop, J. A. (2018). Comparative study with a lip balm containing 0.5% propolis special extract GH 2002 versus 5% aciclovir cream in patients with herpes labialis in the papular/erythematous stage: A single-blind, randomized, two-arm study. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 18(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-018-2242-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.curtheres.2017.10.004
Huang, S., Zhang, C. P., Wang, K., Li, G. Q., & Hu, F. L. (2014). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of propolis. Food Chemistry, 142, 557–563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.092 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.092
Kobayashi, N. H. C., Farias, S. V., Luz, D. A., Machado-Ferraro, K. M., Conceição, B. C. D., Silveira, C. C. M. D., ... & Maia, C. D. S. F. (2022). Ketamine plus alcohol: What we know and what we can expect about this. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(14), 7800 .ttps://doi.org/ 10.3390 /ijms 23147800 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147800
Kuropatnicki, A. K., Szliszka, E., Krol, W., & Kalemba-Drozdz, M. (2013). Propolis: Properties, application, and recent advances. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/807578 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/964149
Libério, S. A., Pereira, A. L. A., Araújo, M. J. A., Dutra, R. P., Nascimento, F. R., Monteiro-Neto, V., et al. (2009). The potential use of propolis as a cariostatic agent and its actions on mutans group streptococci. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 125(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.04.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.04.047
Martínez, C. J., Rabuco, L. B., & Uy, M. E. (2020). Comparison of antifungal activity of honey and ethanol extract of propolis. Acta Medica Philippina, 54(3). https://actamedicaphilippina.upm.edu.ph/index.php/acta/article/view/1084
Nemati, Z., Ghanbari, G., & Ghanbari, S. (2019). Pharmaceutical and medical uses of propolis. Honeybee Science Journal, 10(18), 5–15. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl
Orsi, R. D. O., Sforcin, J., Funari, S. R. C., Rodrigues, P., & Bankova, V. (2007). Effects of propolis from Brazil and Bulgaria on Salmonella serovars. Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, 13, 748–757. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992007000400010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992007000400006
Oršolić, N. (2010). A review of propolis antitumor action in vivo and in vitro. Journal of ApiProduct and ApiMedical Science, 2(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.4.02.1.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.4.02.1.01
Pasupuleti, V. R., Sammugam, L., Ramesh, N., & Hua, G. Q. (2017). Honey, propolis, and royal jelly: A comprehensive review of their biological actions and health benefits. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2017, 1259510. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/1259510 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/1259510
Salehi, B., Upadhyay, S., Orhan, I. E., Jugran, A. K., Jayaweera, S. L. D., Dias, D. A., Sharopov, F., Taheri, Y., Martins, N., Baghalpour, N., Cho, W. C., & Sharifi-Rad, J. (2021). Propolis: Recent advances in pharmacological research. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, *142*, 111997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111997 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111997
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