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Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex inflammatory disease of the arteries that leads to the cardiac attack and stroke. Atherosclerosis claims thousands of lives each year. The animal models of atherosclerosis increased our knowledge about atherosclerosis and helped us with the discovery of new medicines for this disease. The aim of the present study is to review the role of animal models in the research of drugs for atherosclerosis treatment. This is a library research for which useful literature sources are used. From our findings it can be concluded that the animal models for atherosclerosis include: atherosclerosis induced by cholesterol-rich diet, hereditary hyperlipidemia in rabbits and mice, genetic changes, endothelial function changes in rabbits with atherosclerosis and intimal reactions after endothelial damage. Genetic models are widely used. Through discovering new medicines animal models have brought positive changes in the field of treating this disease and understanding how it progresses.
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References
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- Kamal A. Pathophysiology. (2021) Sareer publications. 2(3); 120-124.
- Getz, G. S., & Reardon, C. A. (2012). Animal Models of Atherosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 32(5), 1104. https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.237693.
- Animal models in atherosclerosis research. Experimental and Molecular Pathology, 1983 42(1), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4800 (85)90015-2.
- Zhang, Y., Fatima, M., Hou, S., Bai, L., Zhao, S., & Liu, E. (2021). Research methods for animal models of atherosclerosis. Molecular Medicine Reports, 24(6). https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12511
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- Waqar, A. B., Koike, T., Yu, Y., Inoue, T., Aoki, T., Liu, E., & Fan, J. (2010). High-fat diet without excess calories induces metabolic disorders and enhances atherosclerosis in rabbits. Atherosclerosis, 213(1), 148-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.07.051.
- Emini Veseli B, Perrotta P, De Meyer GRA, Roth L, Van der Donckt C, Martinet W, De Meyer GRY. Animal models of atherosclerosis. Eur J Pharmacol. 2017 Dec 5; 816:3-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.05.010. Epub 2017 May 5. PMID: 28483459.
- Vogle HG. Drug discovery and evaluation: pharmacology assays.
- Mushenkova, N. V., Summerhill, V. I., Silaeva, Y. Y., Deykin, A. V., & Orekhov, A. N. (2019). Modelling of atherosclerosis in genetically modified animals. American Journal of Translational Research, 11(8), 4614-4633. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6731422/.
- Poznyak, A. V., Bharadwaj, D., Prasad, G., Grechko, A. V., Sazonova, M. A., & Orekhov, A. N. (2021). Renin-Angiotensin System in Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis and Treatment of CVD. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(13), 6702. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136702
- Shim, J., Al-Mashhadi, R. H., Sørensen, C. B., & Bentzon, J. F. (2016). Large animal models of atherosclerosis--new tools for persistent problems in cardiovascular medicine. The Journal of pathology, 238(2), 257–266. https://doi.org/10.1002/path.4646.
- Zhao, Y., Qu, H., Wang, Y., Xiao, W., Zhang, Y., & Shi, D. (2020). Small rodent models of atherosclerosis. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 129, 110426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110426.
- Mushenkova, N. V., Summerhill, V. I., Silaeva, Y. Y., Deykin, A. V., & Orekhov, A. N. (2019). Modelling of atherosclerosis in genetically modified animals. American Journal of Translational Research, 11(8), 4614-4633. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6731422/.
References
Gisterå A, Ketelhuth DF, Malin SG, Hansson GK. Animal models of atherosclerosis–supportive notes and tricks of the trade. Circulation Research. 2022 Jun 10; 130(12):1869-87.
Kamal A. Pathophysiology. (2021) Sareer publications. 2(3); 120-124.
Getz, G. S., & Reardon, C. A. (2012). Animal Models of Atherosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 32(5), 1104. https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.237693.
Animal models in atherosclerosis research. Experimental and Molecular Pathology, 1983 42(1), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4800 (85)90015-2.
Zhang, Y., Fatima, M., Hou, S., Bai, L., Zhao, S., & Liu, E. (2021). Research methods for animal models of atherosclerosis. Molecular Medicine Reports, 24(6). https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12511
Emini Veseli B, Perrotta P, De Meyer GRA, Roth L, Van der Donckt C, Martinet W, De Meyer GRY. Animal models of atherosclerosis. Eur J Pharmacol. 2017 Dec 5; 816:3-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.05.010. Epub 2017 May 5. PMID: 28483459.
Waqar, A. B., Koike, T., Yu, Y., Inoue, T., Aoki, T., Liu, E., & Fan, J. (2010). High-fat diet without excess calories induces metabolic disorders and enhances atherosclerosis in rabbits. Atherosclerosis, 213(1), 148-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.07.051.
Emini Veseli B, Perrotta P, De Meyer GRA, Roth L, Van der Donckt C, Martinet W, De Meyer GRY. Animal models of atherosclerosis. Eur J Pharmacol. 2017 Dec 5; 816:3-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.05.010. Epub 2017 May 5. PMID: 28483459.
Vogle HG. Drug discovery and evaluation: pharmacology assays.
Mushenkova, N. V., Summerhill, V. I., Silaeva, Y. Y., Deykin, A. V., & Orekhov, A. N. (2019). Modelling of atherosclerosis in genetically modified animals. American Journal of Translational Research, 11(8), 4614-4633. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6731422/.
Poznyak, A. V., Bharadwaj, D., Prasad, G., Grechko, A. V., Sazonova, M. A., & Orekhov, A. N. (2021). Renin-Angiotensin System in Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis and Treatment of CVD. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(13), 6702. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136702
Shim, J., Al-Mashhadi, R. H., Sørensen, C. B., & Bentzon, J. F. (2016). Large animal models of atherosclerosis--new tools for persistent problems in cardiovascular medicine. The Journal of pathology, 238(2), 257–266. https://doi.org/10.1002/path.4646.
Zhao, Y., Qu, H., Wang, Y., Xiao, W., Zhang, Y., & Shi, D. (2020). Small rodent models of atherosclerosis. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 129, 110426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110426.
Mushenkova, N. V., Summerhill, V. I., Silaeva, Y. Y., Deykin, A. V., & Orekhov, A. N. (2019). Modelling of atherosclerosis in genetically modified animals. American Journal of Translational Research, 11(8), 4614-4633. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6731422/.