Article Sidebar

Download
Statistic
Read Counter : 15

Main Article Content

Abstract

Mutagenesis is the process through which sudden heritable changes occur in the genetic information of an organism, not caused by genetic segregation or recombination, but induced by chemical, physical, or biological agents. Mutation breeding is the purposeful application of mutations for crop improvement. Unlike hybridization and selection, mutation breeding has the advantage of improving a defect in an otherwise elite cultivar without losing its agronomic and quality characteristics. Mutation is the only straightforward alternative for improving seedless crops. Mutations occur naturally in all animals and plants, but induced mutations involve the use of X-rays and chemicals. Mutation-assisted plant breeding plays a crucial role in generating genetic diversity, producing high-yielding varieties, shortening flowering and harvesting periods, and increasing resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses.

Keywords

Chemical and Physical Mutagens Induced Mutation Mutation Mutant Spontaneous Mutation

Article Details

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Reserved for Kabul University.

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Safi, M. T. . (2025). Study and Application of Mutation in Crop Improvement. Journal of Natural Sciences – Kabul University, 4(2), 237–251. https://doi.org/10.62810/jns.v4i2.228
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. صدرآبادی، رضا، حسن مرعشی و نصیری محلاتی، مهدی. اصول اصلاح گیاهان زراعتی. انشارات دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد: ۱۳۸۱. صص ۳۳۱– ۳۴۹.
  2. فارسی، محمد و ‌باقری، عبدالرضا. اصول اصلاح نباتات. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاه مشهد، ایران: ۱۳۸۸. ص ۱۹۶.
  3. شیروانی، حبیب‌الله. نسلگیری واصلاح نباتات. انتشارات بین‌المللی‌ الهدی و انتشارات سراج، کابل: ۱۳۹۲. صص ۱۶۴ – ۱۶۸.
  4. ارزانی، احمد. اصلاح گیاهان زراعتی. مرکز نشر دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان: ۱۳۸۳. صص ۱۳۱ – ۱۳۶.
  5. شهیر، محمدحسین. ژنیتک کشاورزی. انتشارات موسسه فرهنگی هنری دیباگران تهران: ۱۳۸۲. صص ۱۳۹ – ۲۴۰.
  6. گلستانی، عبدالودود. نگهداری مواد غذایی ذریعه‌ی اشعه (food irradiation). شماره پنجم. مجله علمی-تحقی پوهنتون کابل، شماره (۵)، ۱۳۹۳. صص ۱۳ – ۱۷.
  7. Shu QY, Forster BP, Nakagawa H, Nakagawa H, editors. Plant mutation breeding and biotechnology. Cabi; 2012. PP. 10 – 84.
  8. Raina A, Laskar RA, Khursheed S, Amin R, Tantray YR, Parveen K, Khan S. Role of mutation breeding in crop improvement-past, present and future. Asian Research Journal of Agriculture. 2016 Nov 19. PP. 1-3.
  9. Janick J, editor. Plant breeding reviews. John Wiley & Sons; 2008. Jan 14. P. 94.
  10. Robert F. Weaver. Molecular biology. University of Kansas – Lawrence; 2001. PP. 60 – 62.
  11. FAO/IAEA. Induced plant mutations in the genomics era. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. 2005. PP. 262-265.
  12. Laskar RA, Khan S, Khursheed S, Raina A, Amin R. Quantitative analysis of induced phenotypic diversity in chickpea using physical and chemical mutagenesis. Journal of Agronomy. 2015; 14(3): P. 102.
  13. Maluszynski M, Nichterlein K, Van Zanten L, Ahloowalia BS. Officially released mutant varieties–the FAO/IAEA database mutation breeding reviews. The Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria. 2000. P. 88.
  14. Sikora P, Chawade A, Larsson M, Olsson J, Olsson O. Mutagenesis as a tool in plant genetics, functional genomics, and breeding. International Journal of Plant Genomics. 2012; 2011.
  15. Goyal S, Khan S. A comparative study of chromosomal aberrations in Vigna mungo induced by ethylmethane sulphonate and hydrazine hydrate. Thai J Agric Sci. 2009; 42(3): P. 177-82.
  16. Oladosu Y, Rafii MY, Abdullah N, Hussin G, Ramli A, Rahim HA, Miah G, Usman M. Principle and application of plant mutagenesis in crop improvement: a review. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment. 2016 Jan 2; 30(1):1-6.
  17. Nicholl DS. An introduction to genetic engineering. Cambridge University Press; 2008 May 29. P. 232.
  18. Pathirana R. Plant mutation breeding in agriculture. Plant sciences reviews. 2011; 6(032): PP. 107-26.
  19. Maluszynski M, Szarejko I, Bhatia CR, Nichterlein K, Lagoda PJL Methodologies for generating variability. Part 4: mutation techniques. In: Ceccarelli S, Guimarães EP, Weltzien E (eds) Plant breeding and farmers participation. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 2009; PP. 159–194.
  20. Chaudhary J, Khatri P, Singla P, Kumawat S, Kumari A, Vikram A, Jindal SK, Kardile H, Kumar R, Sonah H, Deshmukh R. Advances in omics approaches for abiotic stress tolerance in tomato. Biology. 2019 Dec; 8(4): P. 90.