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Abstract
There are several differences between alfalfa produced for forage and alfalfa produced for seed, with two major distinctions being water usage and plant density. Alfalfa seed production requires about half or less of the water needed for forage production. For alfalfa hay production, growers typically plant between 16–18 kg of seed per hectare, whereas for seed production, 12–15 kg of seed per hectare is used. Alfalfa grown for seed requires an arid and dry climate. Fertile soil is beneficial, but alfalfa can grow in a variety of soil types. Alfalfa seed production would be nearly impossible without bees, and most alfalfa seed producers rely on bees in seed production areas. There are also some pests that growers may need to monitor.
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References
- Baird CR, Mayer DF, Bitner RM. “Pollinators,” in Alfalfa Seed Production and Pest Management. Wester Regional Ext, Publ. 1991. P. 12.
- Dhirendra K, Bhale MS. Seed Technology. Second Revised and Enlarged Edition. Scientific Publishers (India). 2014. Pp.88-96.
- Froshheiser FI. “The worst diseases of crops: alfalfa,”Crops and Soils. 1972; 25, 1: Pp.18-21.
- Haagenson SM, et al. “Autumn defoliation effects on alfalfa winter survival, root physiologhy, and gene expression,” Crop Sci. 43(2003):1340-1348.
- Hale VQ. “TIBA on alfalfa can help plants produce more seed,” Crops and Soils. 1971; 23, Pp. 7-8.
- Kaufeld NM, Sorenson EL. “Interrelations of honeybee preference of alfalfa clones and flower colors,” KS Agr. Exp. Sta. Rsh. Publ. 163, 1971; Pp. 1-14.
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- Martin JH. Waldren RP. “Principles of Field Crop Production”. Forth edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. 2006; Pp.562- 566.
- McGregor NM, et al. “Beekeeping in the United States,” USDA Agri. Handle. 335, (rev.), 1971; Pp. 1- 14.
- Shafi N. Crop Production. National Book Foundation. Islamabad. 1994; Pp. 395-397.
- Shroyer, et al. “No –till alfalfa establishment.” KS. St. Univ. Coop. Ext. Serv. L-85. 2003.
- Wison R, Martin A. “Weed control in alfalfa.” NE Coop. Ext. Serv. NebGuide G95-1254-A. 1995.
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References
Baird CR, Mayer DF, Bitner RM. “Pollinators,” in Alfalfa Seed Production and Pest Management. Wester Regional Ext, Publ. 1991. P. 12.
Dhirendra K, Bhale MS. Seed Technology. Second Revised and Enlarged Edition. Scientific Publishers (India). 2014. Pp.88-96.
Froshheiser FI. “The worst diseases of crops: alfalfa,”Crops and Soils. 1972; 25, 1: Pp.18-21.
Haagenson SM, et al. “Autumn defoliation effects on alfalfa winter survival, root physiologhy, and gene expression,” Crop Sci. 43(2003):1340-1348.
Hale VQ. “TIBA on alfalfa can help plants produce more seed,” Crops and Soils. 1971; 23, Pp. 7-8.
Kaufeld NM, Sorenson EL. “Interrelations of honeybee preference of alfalfa clones and flower colors,” KS Agr. Exp. Sta. Rsh. Publ. 163, 1971; Pp. 1-14.
Lawrence OC, Moler BM. “Principles of Seed Science and Technology”. Forth edition. Kluwer Academic Publisher. 2004; Pp. 297- 315.
Martin JH. Waldren RP. “Principles of Field Crop Production”. Forth edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. 2006; Pp.562- 566.
McGregor NM, et al. “Beekeeping in the United States,” USDA Agri. Handle. 335, (rev.), 1971; Pp. 1- 14.
Shafi N. Crop Production. National Book Foundation. Islamabad. 1994; Pp. 395-397.
Shroyer, et al. “No –till alfalfa establishment.” KS. St. Univ. Coop. Ext. Serv. L-85. 2003.
Wison R, Martin A. “Weed control in alfalfa.” NE Coop. Ext. Serv. NebGuide G95-1254-A. 1995.
(14) Witt MD, Thompson CR. “Dormant-season seeding of alfalfa.” KS Agri. Exp. Sta. SRL. 117. 1997.