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Abstract
A targeted drug delivery system is a special form of drug delivery where the medicament is selectively targeted or delivered only to its site of action or absorption, avoiding non-target organs, tissues, or cells. This system seeks to concentrate the medication in the tissues of interest while reducing its concentration in remaining tissues, thus improving efficacy and reducing side effects. Two strategies are widely used for drug targeting: passive targeting and active targeting. Nanoparticles are very small, and nano drug delivery allows for the delivery of drugs that have poor solubility in water, while also helping to avoid first-pass metabolism in the liver. In this system, the drug can remain in the bloodstream for a longer time, leading to fewer fluctuations in plasma levels and minimal side effects.
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References
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- Pouliquen D, Perdrisot R, Ermias A, Akoka S, Jallet P, Le Jeune JJ. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as a liver MRI contrast agent: contribution of microencapsulation to improved biodistribution. Magnetic resonance imaging. 1989 Nov 1; 7(6):619-27.
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- Abou-Jawde R, Choueiri T, Alemany C, Mekhail T. An overview of targeted treatments in cancer. Clinical therapeutics. 2003 Aug 1; 25(8):2121-37.
- Vogel CL, Cobleigh MA, Tripathy D, Gutheil JC, Harris LN, Fehrenbacher L, Slamon DJ, Murphy M, Novotny WF, Burchmore M, Shak S. Efficacy and safety of trastuzumab as a single agent in first-line treatment of HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2002 Feb 1; 20(3):719-26.
References
Strebhardt K, Ullrich A. Paul Ehrlich's magic bullet concept: 100 years of progress. Nature Reviews Cancer. 2008 Jun; 8(6):473-80.
Moghimipour E, Aghel N, Mahmoudabadi AZ, Ramezani Z, Handali S. Preparation and characterization of liposomes containing essential oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf. Jundishapur journal of natural pharmaceutical products. 2012; 7(3):117.
Cho K, Wang XU, Nie S, Shin DM. Therapeutic nanoparticles for drug delivery in cancer. Clinical cancer research. 2008 Mar 1; 14 (5):1310-6.
Schwartzberg LS, Arena FP, Mintzer DM, Epperson AL, Walker MS. Phase II multicenter trial of albumin-bound paclitaxel and capecitabine in first-line treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Clinical breast cancer. 2012 Apr 1; 12 (2):87-93.
Demeure MJ, Stephan E, Sinari S, Mount D, Gately S, Gonzales P, Hostetter G, Komorowski R, Kiefer J, Grant CS, Han H. Preclinical investigation of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel as a potential treatment for adrenocortical cancer. Annals of surgery. 2012 Jan 1; 255 (1):140-6.
Jain NK, editor. Advances in controlled and novel drug delivery. CBS Publishers & Distributors; 2008.
Aveling E, Zhou J, Lim YF, Mozafari MR. Targeting lipidic nanocarriers: Current strategies and problems. Pharmakeftiki. 2006; 19(IV):101-9.
Lim SJ, Kim CK. Formulation parameters determining the physicochemical characteristics of solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with all-trans retinoic acid. International journal of pharmaceutics. 2002 Aug 28; 243(1-2):135-46.
Frechet JM. Dendrimers and other dendritic macromolecules: From building blocks to functional assemblies in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry. 2003 Dec 1; 41(23):3713-25.
Caminade AM, Turrin CO. Dendrimers for drug delivery. Journal of Materials Chemistry B. 2014; 2(26):4055-66.
Mahato R, Tai W, Cheng K. Prodrugs for improving tumor targetability and efficiency. Advanced drug delivery reviews. 2011 Jul 18; 63(8):659-70.
D'Souza AJ, Topp EM. Release from polymeric prodrugs: linkages and their degradation. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 2004 Aug 1; 93(8):1962-79.
Tai W, Shukla RS, Qin B, Li B, Cheng K. Development of a peptide–drug conjugate for prostate cancer therapy. Molecular pharmaceutics. 2011 Jun 6; 8(3):901-12.
Batrakova EV, Gendelman HE, Kabanov AV. Cell-mediated drug delivery. Expert opinion on drug delivery. 2011 Apr 1; 8(4):415-33.
Kelly C, Jefferies C, Cryan SA. Targeted liposomal drug delivery to monocytes and macrophages. Journal of drug delivery. 2011.
Jain S, Mishra V, Singh P, Dubey PK, Saraf DK, Vyas SP. RGD-anchored magnetic liposomes for monocytes/neutrophils-mediated brain targeting. International journal of pharmaceutics. 2003 Aug 11; 261(1-2):43-55.
Torchilin VP. Drug targeting. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2000 Oct 1; 11:S81-91.
Widder KJ, Senyei AE, Scarpelli DG. Magnetic microspheres: a model system for site specific drug delivery in vivo. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 1978 Jun; 158(2):141-6.
Pouliquen D, Perdrisot R, Ermias A, Akoka S, Jallet P, Le Jeune JJ. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as a liver MRI contrast agent: contribution of microencapsulation to improved biodistribution. Magnetic resonance imaging. 1989 Nov 1; 7(6):619-27.
Faraji AH, Wipf P. Nanoparticles in cellular drug delivery. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry. 2009 Apr 15; 17(8):2950-62.
Simon RH, Ho SY, Lange SC, Uphoff DF, D'Arrigo JS. Applications of lipid-coated microbubble ultrasonic contrast to tumor therapy. Ultrasound in medicine & biology. 1993 Jan 1; 19(2):123-5.
Abou-Jawde R, Choueiri T, Alemany C, Mekhail T. An overview of targeted treatments in cancer. Clinical therapeutics. 2003 Aug 1; 25(8):2121-37.
Vogel CL, Cobleigh MA, Tripathy D, Gutheil JC, Harris LN, Fehrenbacher L, Slamon DJ, Murphy M, Novotny WF, Burchmore M, Shak S. Efficacy and safety of trastuzumab as a single agent in first-line treatment of HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2002 Feb 1; 20(3):719-26.