مروری براستفاده از روش‌های بیوتکنالوژی جهت حفاظت نباتات در مقابل امراض ویروسی و حشرات

Abstract

Plant viruses cause diseases in a wide variety of agronomically important crop species, posing a severe threat to food security and the global economy. Introducing crop immunity against viruses has been a major challenge. Biotechnological approaches that induce defense mechanisms against viruses in crop plants are considered powerful alternative strategies. Additionally, insects significantly damage food production. Pesticides have led to pesticide-resistant insects and other detrimental impacts on people and the environment, prompting researchers to seek effective methods for insect control. Biotechnology has provided several practical solutions. This review describes existing strategies for developing viral resistance in plants, the role of coat proteins, and effective methods for controlling insects, including Cry genes.