Jalalzai, F. and Sangary, M. 2025. Consequences of Trace Element Deficiency (Copper, Cobalt, Iodine, and Selenium) in Ruminants. Journal of Natural Sciences – Kabul University. 8, 2 (Sep. 2025), 141–161. DOI:https://doi.org/10.62810/jns.v8i2.400.